近日，有车主向我们反映说，他的爱车方向盘逐渐开始变重，这是怎么回事？那么今天我们就来看看方向盘太重是怎么回事，有没有办法调轻呢？
Recently, a car owner told us that his car's steering wheel is gradually becoming heavier. What's the matter? So today we'll see what happens when the steering wheel is too heavy. Is there any way to turn it down?
如今绝大多数车型都是采用液压助力转向系统，其中液压助力转向又分为机械液压转向和电子液压转向两种，工作原理类似都是通过液压泵(由发动机皮带带动)提供油压推动活塞，进而产生辅助力推动转向拉杆，辅助车轮转向。区别在于提供油压油泵的驱动方式不同。机械式液压助力的液压泵直接是通过发动机皮带驱动的，而电子式液压助力采用的是由电力驱动的电子泵。
Nowadays, the vast majority of vehicle models use hydraulic power steering system, which is divided into mechanical hydraulic steering and electronic hydraulic steering. The similar working principle is that the hydraulic pump (driven by the engine belt) provides oil pressure to push the piston, thus generating auxiliary power to push the steering rod and assist the wheel steering. The difference is that the driving mode of the oil pump is different. The mechanical hydraulic power pump is directly driven by the engine belt, while the electronic hydraulic power pump is driven by the electric power.
由于机械式液压助力的液压泵直接是通过发动机皮带驱动的，所以就会出现低速时，方向盘偏重的情况。同时我们在开车的时候，要避免长时间打死，尤其是在转弯和倒车，长时间打死方向盘会导致转向助力泵的油压太低，容易损坏助力泵，然后出现方向盘太重的状况。
Because the mechanical hydraulic pump is directly driven by the engine belt, the steering wheel will be biased at low speed. At the same time, when driving, we should avoid killing the steering wheel for a long time, especially in turning and reversing. Killing the steering wheel for a long time will cause the oil pressure of the steering pump to be too low, which is easy to damage the booster pump, and then the steering wheel will be too heavy.
不过方向盘变重更常见的原因是转向助力油脏了。转向助力油和汽车其他油类一样，都需要更换。另外还有一种情况，那就是汽车胎压过低，也会导致方向盘变得比较重，严重时甚至有可能因为胎压不足而爆胎。所以建议出现方向盘变重的时候，首先检查汽车胎压和转向助力油。
However, the most common reason for the weight of the steering wheel is the dirty power steering oil. The power steering oil, like other automotive oils, needs to be replaced. Another situation is that the tire pressure is too low, which will also cause the steering wheel to become heavier. In serious cases, the tire may even blow out due to insufficient tire pressure. Therefore, when the steering wheel becomes heavy, it is recommended to check the tire pressure and power steering oil.
如果排除以上情况，那么就需要使用仪器对转向系统进行全面检查。转向系统其实比较复杂，而且电子液压助力系统还加入了许多电子传感器，可以根据车速改变助力泵的油压，低速更轻告诉更稳。
If the above conditions are excluded, the steering system needs to be fully checked with the instrument. In fact, the steering system is more complex, and the electronic hydraulic power system also adds a lot of electronic sensors, which can change the oil pressure of the booster pump according to the speed of the vehicle, which is lighter at low speed and more stable.
